How to Spell Out Art With Art Supplies Symbols for Visual Art

Types of Art
Categories, Forms and Classification of Visual Arts and Crafts.
MAIN A-Z INDEX

Nationale Nederlanden Edifice,
Prague."The Dancing Business firm". An
iconic example of Deconstructivism,
a style of gimmicky architecture
pioneered by Frank O. Gehry.

DEFINITION OF VISUAL Art
Ever since the controversial works of Marcel Duchamp, avant-garde artists take been pushing the boundaries of their profession to breaking point. Installations, plant-objects, conceptual works, and film, are just some of the media which have been employed to broaden the gimmicky aesthetic. A flattened motor car has been presented as an important piece of work of assemblage art; a dead shark has been pickled and turned into an installation; a "human skull" has been 'recreated', studded with precious jewels and turned into a piece of contemporary sculpture; and, to cap it all, an exhibition of contemporary art opened terminal yr at the Pompidou Centre in Paris, consisting of 8 empty rooms.
Art Evaluation: How to Appreciate Art.

Basic Definitions of Art

• Art: Definition and Pregnant
The significant of dazzler and art is explored in the branch of philosophy called aesthetics. For more than definitions, see the post-obit:
• Fine Art
Includes: drawing, painting, sculpture and printmaking.
• Visual Art
Includes: fine arts, certain contemporary arts (eg. installation, operation) and decorative arts.
• Decorative Fine art
Broadly synonymous with crafts. Encounter too: Arts and Crafts Movement.
• Applied Art
Includes: architecture, industrial-design, fashion/furnishings-blueprint, interior-pattern etc.
• Crafts
Broadly synonymous with decorative arts. See as well: Feminist Fine art (1970s).
• Art Glossary
Explanation of all basic terms.

IMPORTANCE OF Drawing
Ever since the Stone Age, painters have been forced to move with the times. Prehistoric artists painted with lumpy pigment crayons and pads of moss, before upgrading to brushes made of vegetable fibre and animal hair. For colour pigments they used three varieties of dirt ochre, (red, xanthous and chocolate-brown), and charcoal for black. By the time of the Center Ages, artists had developed both encaustic and egg-tempera painting methods, and were presently to explore the lustrous advantages of oils. New colour pigments came and went, as did a series of paint containers and colour charts. Lastly, during the 1940s - about 32 Millennia since the first cave paintings - chemists devised fast-drying acrylic paints. Just despite all these developments in the art of painting, painters nevertheless had to describe their ain images. Now, things are irresolute.

Digital and reckoner art is upon the states, which means that anyone with any proficiency in software design programs tin can produce a cartoon at the drib of a chapeau. And life drawing is now seen by many equally an old-fashioned and unnecessary waste of time. Unfortunately, when artists stop learning how to draw, figurative art flies out the window, and video art takes over.

NON-REPRESENTATIONAL Art
The ongoing debate about "What constitutes art?" is not a piffling squabble between dessicated academics. It's an of import cultural upshot for huge numbers of people. For case, every bit more activities become accepted as "art", so these activities discover their way into the curricula of our all-time art schools, sometimes with unfortunate results. Last yr, I visited a Graduate Bear witness staged by one of Ireland's top art colleges. Out of many hundred exhibits, I was impressed by the creative merits of perhaps three works - two of which were by the same artist! Most of the other works, which were nearly all abstract, seemed to me to be sloppily executed, and lacking any creative bear on - a fairly dire thing to say well-nigh such a major showcase of young talent. Evidently the bear witness's organizers thought differently, so maybe my sense of aesthetic appreciation has deserted me. Either that, or else information technology'southward a sobering example of The Emperor's New Dress.

HOW TO EVALUATE Fine art
Every attempt to define "good" art is doomed to frustration. Allowing the free marketplace to make up one's mind may sound reasonable, except that auction prices identify Damien Hirst as the best ever British artist, which sounds a bit dodgy. Besides, at that place are hundreds of dark, uninteresting but mega-valuable Old Principal paintings quietly deteriorating in museums effectually the earth, whose monetary value bears no relation to their "beauty". As for the so-called "priceless" Greek sculptures in the Louvre - the one-armed, 1-legged, no-head multifariousness, like the Venus di Milo - would you want whatsoever of them in your sitting room? I doubtfulness it. The lesson? Expensive art isn't e'er good art. Okay, then how else tin can we make up one's mind what constitutes a worthy artwork? How nigh letting the Arts Council decide? Err, no cheers. We do that already, and it's a disaster. A committee of independent critics? Hmm, perhaps not: expect what happened to the Turner prize. Is subject matter a guide? For case, is representational or figurative art better than abstraction? No. Some of the virtually cute decorative works are completely devoid of recognizable features, while a superrealist painting or sculpture tin can sometimes leave us cold. The truth is, "good" or "beautiful" art is practically indefinable. Arguably, its existence hinges on a magical combination of shape and colour, which cannot be pre-selected, otherwise Volkswagen would manufacture information technology.

ART HAS RARITY VALUE Merely
Every so oft we hear that a painting or cartoon by some famous artist has been bought at Sotheby'south or Christie'southward for $10 million or perchance $50 meg. A contempo example was the $100 one thousand thousand paid for a screenprint (Eight Elvises) by Andy Warhol. Did the news brand the states choke over our breakfast? Probably not. Later on all, people practice pay huge prices for rare objects. Nevertheless, it'due south very confusing, because it gives the impression that a painting has an objective or intrinsic value, sometimes reaching into the millions. But the truth is, a painting has no intrinsic value - only rarity. Fifty-fifty its beauty or aesthetic appeal can be caused by ownership a print, at a fraction of the cost of the original. When it comes to a Monet, a Van Gogh or a Titian, none of this matters considering the rarity value justifies a hefty price-tag, but when information technology comes to works of art past ordinary mortals, beware! - the $xx,000 price-tag for the work of an established small creative person tin can include a large "fashion" premium, that tin disappear overnight. All this explains why the contemporary art market has nosedived, while demand for rare Onetime Masters and Moderns remains comparatively buoyant.

SEPARATION OF ARTS & CRAFTS
"Fine art", traditionally the premier form of visual inventiveness, is supposedy a drawing-based acivity, practised mainly for its artful value ("art for art'due south sake") rather than its functionality. In contrast, the 2d-form category, known every bit "decorative art" (the new word for crafts), refers to things like ceramics, tapestry, enamelling, metalwork, stained glass, textiles, and others, which are deemed to be ornamental or decorative, rather than intellectual or spiritual. And then to epitomize: arts are beautiful useless things that elevate the senses - example, the Mona Lisa; whereas crafts prettify functional objects - example, a tea loving cup with a handpainted design. I don't know which painter/sculptor or government ceremonious servant first proposed this absurd stardom, but information technology lingers on in all its ugly illogicality. Take compages, for instance. This has ever been regarded every bit a fine fine art, despite existence the ultimate example of utility - just inquire any builder. Advertizement posters by the likes of (say) Toulouse Lautrec and Alphonse Mucha are also seen every bit fine fine art, despite existence the embodiment of decorative functionalism. On the other hand, a beautiful tapestry or stained glass window is regarded as mere ornamentalism, irrespective of the degree of artistic designwork and adroitness involved. And if you think all this is pointless and disruptive, expect till y'all encounter "applied art", a term which is now used to depict a more design-oriented category of decorative fine art.

A-Z Types of Art

• Blitheness Art
Derived from the Latin meaning "to breathe life into", blitheness is the visual fine art of creating a motion flick from a series of still drawings. Among the great twentieth century animators are J. Stuart Blackton, George McManus, Max Fleischer, and Walt Disney.
• Architecture
Best understood every bit the practical fine art of building design. Historically has exerted significant influence on the development of fine fine art, through architectural styles similar Gothic, Baroque and Neoclassical. For the origins of skyscraper design, run across: 19th Century Compages; for its characteristics and evolution, see: Skyscraper Architecture (1850-present); for technical details, run into: Chicago School of Architecture; for historical context, meet: American Compages (1600-nowadays).
• Art Brut
Painting, drawing, sculpture by artists on the margin of society, or in mental hospitals, or children. (English category is Outsider art.)
• Aggregation Fine art
A contemporary course of sculpture, comparable to collage, in which a work of fine art is built up or "assembled" from iii-D materials - typically "establish" objects.
• Torso Art
One of the oldest (and newest) forms - includes torso painting and face painting, as well as tattoos, mime, "living statues" and (most recently) "performances" by artists similar Marina Abramovic and Carole Schneemann.
• Calligraphy
This fine art, practised widely in the Far East and among Islamic artists, is regarded by the Chinese as the highest form of art.
• Ceramics
A type of plastic fine art, ceramics refers to items made from clay and baked in a kiln. Encounter aboriginal pottery from China and Greece, below. Two of the foremost European ceramicists are the English creative person Bernard Howell Leach (1887-1979), and the Frenchman Camille Le Tallec (1908-91).
• Christian Art
This is mostly Biblical Fine art, or at least works derived from the Bible. It includes Protestant Reformation fine art and Catholic Counter-Reformation art, equally well as Jewish themes. See besides: Early Christian sculpture and as well: Early Christian Fine art.
• Collage
Composition consisting of various materials like paper cuttings, cardboard, photos, fabrics and the like, pasted to a board or sail. May be combined with painting or drawings.
• Calculator Art
All reckoner-generated forms of fine or applied art, including computer-controlled types. Also known as Digital, Cybernetic or Internet art.
• Conceptual Art
A contemporary fine art class that places primacy on the concept or idea behind a piece of work of art, rather than the work itself. Leading conceptual artists include: Allan Kaprow (b.1927), and Joseph Beuys (1921-86) the onetime Professor of Monumental Sculpture at the Dusseldorf Academy, whose dedication earned him a retrospective at the Samuel R Guggenheim Museum (New York).
• Design (Artistic)
This refers to the programme involved in creating something co-ordinate to a fix of aesthetics. Examples of artistic pattern movements include: Fine art Nouveau, Art Deco, De Stijl, Bauhaus, Ulm Design Schoolhouse and Postmodernism.
• Drawing
A cartoon can be a consummate work, or a type of preparatory sketching for a painting or sculpture. A central issue in fine art concerns the relative importance of drawing (line) versus colour.
- chalk
- charcoal
- conte crayon
- pastel
- pen and ink
- pencil
For a pick of the greatest sketches by some of the finest draftsmen in history, delight encounter: Best Drawings of the Renaissance (1400-1550).
• Folk Fine art
Mostly crafts and utilitarian applied arts made by rural artisans.
• French Furniture
The greatest article of furniture was created during the 17th/18th centuries by French Designers at the Royal Court, in the Louis Quatorze, Quinze and Seize styles. For a short guide, see: French Decorative Arts (1640-1792).
• Graffiti Fine art
Gimmicky class of street aerosol spray painting which emerged in Eastward Coast American cities during the tardily 1960s/early 1970s. Famous graffiti artists include Jean-Michel Basquiat (1960-88), Keith Haring (1958-xc) and Banksy.
• Graphic Art
Types of visual expression divers more by line and tone (disegno), rather than colour (colorito). Includes drawing, cartoons, caricature art, comic strips, analogy, animation and calligraphy, as well as all forms of traditional printmaking. As well includes postmodernist styles of word art (text-based graphics).
• Icons (Icon Painting)
Ranks alongside mosaic art as the most popular type of Eastern Orthodox religious art. Closely associated with Byzantine art, and later, Russian icon painters.
• Illuminated Manuscripts
This principally refers to religious texts (Christian, Islamic, Jewish) embellished with figurative illustrations and/or abstract geometric designs, exemplified by Book of Kells.
• Installation
A new category of contemporary art, which employs various 2-D and 3-D materials to create a particular space designed to make an impact on the viewer/company. Turner Prize Winner Damien Hirst and Tracey Emin are famous installation artists.
• Illustration
A course of painting, drawing or other graphic art which explains, clarifies, pictorializes or decorates written text.
• Jewellery Fine art
Practised past goldsmiths, as well as other master-craftsmen like silversmiths, gemologists, diamond cutters/setters and lapidaries.
• Junk Art
Artworks made from ordinary, everyday materials, or "found objects", of which Marcel Duchamp'south "readymades" are a sub-category. Typically includes 3-D works like sculpture, assemblage, collage or installations.
• Land Fine art
A relatively new category of contemporary art, also chosen Earth art, earthworks, or Ecology fine art, information technology was led by Robert Smithson (1938-73), and emerged in America during the 1960s as a reaction against the commercial fine art world.
• Metalwork Fine art
Embraces goldsmithing, the fashioning of precious metals into objets d'fine art, too as enamelwork techniques like cloisonné, plique-a-jour, champlevé, and encrusted enamelling. See: Celtic Metalwork. For more modern works, see also: Fabergé Easter Eggs.
• Mosaic Art
An aboriginal art form, developed by Aboriginal Greek and Byzantine artists, which creates pictorial designs out of glass tesserae. For its high point during the Middle Ages, see: Ravenna Mosaics (c.400-600) and Christian Byzantine Art (c.400-1200).
• Outsider Art
Artworks by painters/sculptors outside mainstream civilisation; may be mentally sick, or untutored and uneducated: (French equivalent is Art Brut).
• Painting
Since classical antiquity the highest class of Western art, painting has been dominated by Renaissance-style "Bookish Art". Until the invention of pre-mixed paints and the collapsible paint tube in the mid-19th century, painters had to create their own colour pigments from natural plants and metallic compounds. See color in painting. Famous painting movements or schools include: Early/HighRenaissance, Mannerism, Baroque, Rococo, Neoclassical, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post Impressionism, Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Op-Fine art, Popular Art, Minimalism, Photorealism, and others.
- acrylics
- encaustic painting
- fresco painting
- gouache
- ink and wash
- nail art
- oils
- miniature painting
- panel painting
- tempera painting
- watercolours
- and more
• Performance Art (and Happenings)
A 20th century art form involving a live performance by the artist before an audience. The form was explored and developed by exponents of Futurism, Constructivism, Dada, Surrealism and subsequently gimmicky art movements.
• Photography
A 20th century medium past which the creative person captures pictorial images on flick as opposed to the traditional fine art supports of canvas, paper or board. New calculator software graphics programs accept created new opportunities for editing and image manipulation. Come across besides: Is Photography Fine art? Foremost amidst exponents of photographic art is the American Ansel Adams, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Guggenheim fellow and recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, noted for his black-and-white photographs of the American West. The leading gimmicky Irish gaelic lens-based creative person is Victor Sloan (b.1945).
• Poster Art
Peaked during the French Belle Epoque and the Art Nouveau era.
• Primitive Art
Associated with Aboriginal, African, Oceanic and other tribal cultures; also embraces Outsider art.
• Printmaking
The process of making original prints past pressing an inked cake or plate onto a receptive support surface, typically paper. Amid great modernistic exponents of fine art printmaking (eg. woodcuts, engraving, etching, lithography and silkscreen) are the American artist James McNeill Whistler (1834–1903), the French artist Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901), the Dutch graphic artist MC Escher (1898-1972), Willem de Kooning (1904-97) and Robert Rauschenberg (1925-2008), equally well as silkscreen printers similar Andy Warhol (1928-87), all of whom infused the artform with bang-up vitality.
- engraving
- etching
- giclee prints
- lithography
- screen-printing
- woodcuts
- and more than
• Public Art
A vague category of art which encompasses all works paid for by public funds. A more narrow definition might restrict it to all works designed for a infinite accessible to the general public. Sadly, about public art ends up in stores or offices staffed past public servants!
• Religious Art
Typically architecture, or any fine or decorative arts with a religious theme: includes Christian or Islamic, Hindu, Buddhism or any of a hundred different sects. See for case Chinese Buddhist sculpture (c.100 CE - nowadays).
• Rock Art
Traditionally encompasses archaic stone engravings (petroglyphs), relief sculptures, cave painting (pictographs) and megaliths of the Stone Age.
• Sand Art
Encompasses sand painting (Navajo Indians, Tibetan Buddhists), sand cartoon (Vanuatu, formerly New Hebrides), sand sculpture and architecture.
• Sculpture
Sculpture is a three-dimensional work of plastic fine art created either by (1) Carving - in stone, marble, wood, ivory, bone; (2) modelling - from wax or dirt, later which it may be bandage in bronze; (three) an assemblage of "institute objects". Note: Origami newspaper folding should also exist classed every bit a plastic art.
- statue
- relief sculpture
- bronze
- ice sculpture
- ivory carving
- marble
- rock
- terra cotta sculpture
- wood-etching
• Stained Drinking glass Art
The supreme decorative art of the Gothic movement, stained drinking glass reached its zenith during the 12th and 13th centuries when it was created for Christian cathedrals across Europe. Modernistic stained glass was made in America by John LaFarge and Louis Comfort Tiffany; and on the Continent at the Bauhaus design school.Sadly, the creators of the stained glass masterpieces in Chartres and other Gothic cathedrals remain anonymous, however their skills were kept alive past artists similar Marc Chagall (1887-1985) and Joan Miro (1893-1983), and - in Ireland - by such Irish artists every bit Harry Clarke (1889-1931), Sarah Purser (1848-43) and Evie Strop (1894-1955).
• Tapestry Art
An aboriginal type of textile art, tapestry-making flourished in Europe from the Middle Ages onwards, at the hands of French and (later) Flemish weavers. The near famous works were woven at the Gobelins tapestry and Beauvais tapestry factories in Paris, but see also the famous Bayeux Tapestry (c.1075) a Romanesque work stitched past Anglo-Saxon and French seamsters, depicting the Norman Conquest of 1066.
• Video Art
One of the well-nigh recent categories of contemporary expression, pioneered past Andy Warhol and others, video is oft used in installation fine art, as well every bit as a stand up-alone fine art form. Several Turner Prize Winners have been video artists. The leading video artist of the twentieth century is probably Neb Viola (b.1951), known for his technical and creative mastery of the genre.

Earth Arts

• Aboriginal Fine art (Commonwealth of australia)
Introduction to ancient cavern painting and petroglyphs from Australasia.
- Australian Colonial Painting (c.1780-1880)
- Australian Impressionism (c.1886-1900)
- Australian Mod Painting (c.1900-60)
• Aegean Fine art (c.2600-1100 BCE)
Early Greek civilization: features Cycladic, Minoan and Mycenean cultures.
• African Fine art
Guide to rock paintings, classical African sculpture, art of the African kingdoms, religious and tribal artworks and more.
• American Art
History of painting and other fine arts in America, 1750-nowadays.
• Pre-Columbian Art (Americas)
Architecture, fine art and crafts of the Americas upward to 1535.
• American Indian Art
A largely arts and crafts-based culture, specializing in wood carving, textile arts, shell-engraving, basket-making and ceremonial masks.
• American Colonial Fine art
Eurocentric 17th/18th century portrait painting, miniatures and architecture.
• Asian Fine art
Arts and crafts from Nihon, China, Korea, SE Asia and the Indian subcontinent.
• Byzantine Fine art
Principally architecture, panel painting, and mosaics created past artists within the eastern Christian Byzantine empire centred on Constantinople.
• Celtic Art
Includes metalwork of the Hallstatt and La Tene culture, plus abstract geometric designwork.
• Chinese Art
Includes world famous Chinese lacquerware, bronzes, jade carving, terracotta sculpture, Chinese Porcelain, wash-painting and calligraphy. For more than, see too Chinese Pottery and Chinese Painting. For a guide to the aesthetic principles backside Oriental arts and crafts, see: Traditional Chinese Art: Characteristics.
• Egyptian Art
Embraces mainly tomb artworks - like panel paintings, Egyptian Sculpture, murals, pottery, metalcraft and Egyptian Pyramids Architecture.
• Etruscan Art
Includes tomb paintings, domestic frescoes, bronze and terra cotta sculpture, ornate sarcophagi, goldsmithery and jewellery.
• Flemish Painting
Schoolhouse of highly realistic oil painting - including artists like January van Eyck, Roger van der Weyden, Hugo van der Goes, Hans Memling, and others - that strongly influenced the Italian Renaissance.
• Franco-Cantabrian Cave Fine art
Prehistoric parietal works in southern France and northern Spain.
• French Painting
Follows the French Schoolhouse (1400-1900) from medieval book painting to late 19th century Symbolism.
• German Expressionism
The nigh famous way of art from Frg. Merely run into too our manufactures on German Medieval Art (c.800-1250), the German language Renaissance (1430-1580) and the German Baroque (c.1550-1750).
• Greek Art
Highly innovative, technically achieved, Greek artists set the standard in all forms of fine, applied and decorative art, notably painting, sculpture, architecture and glass mosaic.
• Greek Pottery
Includes a range of ceramic designs from dissimilar areas of ancient Hellenic republic, such as Geometric style, Oriental Style, Black-Figure Style and Red-Figure Style.
• Greek Sculpture
Includes sculptural masterpieces like Discobolus by Myron; Wounded Amazon by Polykleitos; Apollo Belvedere by Leochares; Laocoon past Hagesandrus, Athenodoros & Polydorus; Aphrodite of Melos (Venus de Milo) by Andros of Antioch.
• India: Painting & Sculpture
Includes prehistoric cupules and petroglyphs, ivory and bronze figurines, Buddhist frescoes, miniature paintings, and supreme works of Moghal architecture, like the Taj Mahal (1632-54).
• Irish Fine art
Includes (painting): portraiture, topographical landscape, 19th century history paintings and 20th century genre-works and nevertheless lifes; (sculpture): Stone and bronzework by traditional, Gaelic, mod and contemporary Irish gaelic sculptors.
• Islamic Art
Embraces many categories of creativity including, mosque-compages, ceramics, faience mosaics, lustre-ware, relief sculpture, forest and ivory carving, friezes, drawing, painting, calligraphy, volume-gilding, lacquer-painted bookbinding, material blueprint, goldsmithery, gemstone carving, and others.
• Renaissance Art in Italia
Offset in Florence, information technology spread to Rome and Venice before beingness taken upward past painters and sculptors across Europe.
• Japanese Art
Cursory guide to four of the primary visual arts in Nihon, including: Buddhist Temple art, Zen ink-painting, Yamato-due east, and Ukiyo-eastward woodblock prints.
• Jewish Fine art
A expect at Ashkenazi, Sephardi and Oriental Jewish art, crafts and archeological artifacts. See also Holocaust Art, principally Jewish art of the Shoah.
• Korean Art
Initially influenced by prehistoric Siberian civilisation, so past Chinese arts and crafts, Korea in plough influenced the development of several artforms in Japan.
• Mesopotamian Fine art
A brief guide to Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian culture in the land between the Tigris and Euphrates. For more details about sure national styles, see: "Sumerian art" (c.4500-2270 BCE), "Assyrian art" (c.1500-612 BCE), "Hittite art" (c.1600-1180 BCE). Run across also: Mesopotamian Sculpture.
• Minoan Art
Covers sculpture, fresco painting, pottery, stone carvings (notably seal stones), jewellery and the palace compages of Knossos, Phaestus, Akrotiri, Kato Zakros and Mallia.
• Mycenean Art
Embraces Tholos tomb architecture, precious metalwork, and early on Greek plastic arts.
• Oceanic Fine art
This umbrella term refers to arts and crafts produced by indigenous native peoples within the Melanesia, Polynesia and Micronesia zones of the Pacific Sea.
• Persian Art
Encompasses monumental rock sculptures, bas-reliefs, ceramics, mosaics, metalwork, frescoes, illuminated manuscripts, calligraphy, carpet-making, silk-weaving and architectural designs.
• Roman Art
Noted for its historical relief sculptures (eg. Trajan'due south Cavalcade) and its practical architecture (bridges, aquaducts, roads), aboriginal Rome was likewise responsible for producing unique copies of many original Greek sculptures, without which many Hellenic treasures would have been lost forever.
• Russian Art
Prehistoric sculpture and the history of painting 30,000 BCE to 1920.
• Castilian Painting
Follows Iberian art (1500-1970), from El Greco to Antoni Tapies.
• Tribal Art
Short guide to the traditional art of tribal societies in India, Africa, the South Pacific, Australasia, Alaska and the Americas. Also known every bit Primitive Native Fine art, the category is sometimes extended to include sure early on European artworks (eg. Celtic La Tene). It primarily consists of stoneworks (sculpture, temples), earthworks, and petroglyphs.
• Viking Art
Norse art mainly consists of portable artworks, similar decorated trunk armour, drinking horns, pagan icons, paddles, and pocket-sized-scale carvings in amber, jet, os, walrus ivory and wood.

Styles and Genres

• Abstract Art
Strictly speaking, abstract artworks derive from not-natural subjects such as geometric shapes, although wider definitions cover all non-representational works. Types of geometric brainchild are also called concrete art, or more confusingly non-objective art. Both these terms hateful the same.
• Representational Art
This describes images that are clearly recognizable for what they purport to be. By contrast, abstract art consists of pictures that lack any articulate identity, and must therefore be interpreted by the viewer.
• Figure Drawing and Figure Painting
Including representational drawing from life.
• History Painting
Derived from the Italian word "istoria" (significant, "narrative"), history painting - exemplified by Leonardo Davinci's work The Final Supper - tells noble stories or carries uplifting letters, and was considered to exist No 1 in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• Portrait Fine art
Embracing private, grouping or self-portraits, this genre - exemplified by Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-69) - was considered to exist No two in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• Genre Painting
Championed past 17th century Dutch Realists, such every bit Jan Vermeer (1632-75), this category of "everyday scenes" was seen equally No three in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• Landscape Painting
Comprising scenic views in which nature takes primacy over human figures, this was rated No four in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• Still Life Painting
This genre - exemplified by Frans Snyders (1579-1657) - typically comprised an arrangement of objects (flowers, kitchen utensils etc.) laid out on a table. For moralistic nonetheless lifes, see: Vanitas Painting (17th century The netherlands) by Dutch artists similar Harmen van Steenwyck (1612-56), Jan Davidsz de Heem (1606-83), Willem Kalf (1622-93) and Willem Claesz Heda (1594-1681). Because they were devoid of human representation, withal lifes were regarded equally the least important type of painting.

• For more about the nomenclature of the visual arts, see: Homepage.

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ART
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